Which Diseases Can Rats Spread?

As much of a nuisance as rats can be, causing property damage and destruction, it’s also worth remembering that these pests can spread a variety of diseases so it’s essential that you deal with any rodent infestations you might have quickly and efficiently.

As urbanisation increases and human reach extends further into the natural environment, our proximity to other species like rats will only increase, as well, and rodents have been found to adapt particularly well to human life, seeking food and shelter within our buildings… increasing the risks of disease transmission.

Here are some of the diseases that rats can spread.

Leptospirosis

This is an infection that’s caused by leptospira bacteria, transmitted via the urine of infected animals. It can spread to humans through direct contact with bodily fluids, as well as contact with soil, water or food that’s been similarly contaminated.

Note that while the risks of contraction are low, some activities and occupations increase the chances, including farming, veterinary work, sewer work, abattoir work, fishing, sailing and swimming.

Symptoms typically manifest within one to two weeks, including nausea, vomiting, muscle pain, chills, diarrhoea, skin rash, red eyes and headaches.

Weil’s disease

Leptospirosis cases can occasionally develop into Weil’s disease, which can lead to organ failure, internal bleeding and even death.

Symptoms include chest pain, swollen feet, ankles or hands, jaundice, coughing up blood, headaches, vomiting and seizures. In this instance, urgent hospital treatment is required.

Salmonellosis

Rats can carry salmonella bacteria, potentially leading to illness in people through contact with contaminated food or water.

Symptoms of infection typically manifest between 12 and 72 hours after infection, including abdominal cramps, vomiting, fever and diarrhoea.

Rat tapeworm

Rat tapeworm can infect people via contaminated food or water, or by touching contaminated products and transferring infection via the mouth.

Symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhoea, loss of appetite, irritability, restlessness and nasal itching. No lasting effects may happen with adults, but infected children can experience serious medical complications.

How can you get rid of rats?

To prevent rats, first try to get rid of any gaps under sheds and around pipes, sealing entry points up with wire wool embedded in quick-set cement. Look out for both high and low level gaps.

Also keep your gardens and outside areas as clean and tidy as you can, keeping overgrown areas well looked after and getting rid of any debris or wood piles. If you have a compost heap, protect it with some wire mesh to prevent rats from making a nesting site.

And always make sure that your outdoor bins have lids that are properly sealed, with any cracks or breaks dealt with quickly. When disposing of food scraps, always make sure that bags are fully sealed and don’t just throw loose food waste into the bin, as this is sure to encourage pests.

You can also use rat repellent spray to excellent effect. This is made from a blend of natural essential oils and gives you long-lasting protection against rodent invasions with every spray. Simply spray in areas you believe to be prone to rodent activity, both indoors and outdoors, and away you go!